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Codebook for "Fundraising Events and Non-Ideological Donation Motivations"
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Table contained in "acrossanalysisset.rds"
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Variables list:

finstate3dc - index for individually identified donors, clustered across all 3 states (KY, OH, MI) in our main analyses

edon - constructed binary variable to denote whether a donor has ever given via a fundraising event

0: Donor Has Not Given Via a Fundraiser in our Sample of Interest
1: Donor HAS GIVEN via a Fundraiser in our Sample of Interest

fundraiser - binary variable denoting whether donation stems from fundraiser or not

0: donation does not stem from a fundraising event
1: donation DOES STEM from a fundraising event

cSTATE - categorical variable denoting the state of the election/candidate targeted by the election. Can take on values "KY", "MI", "OH", or "WV"

recipient.cfscore - continuous variable reflecting the CFSCore as calculated in Bonica DIME Data v 3.0.

rcAMOUNT - continuous non-negative variable reflecting the monetary amount of the donation

wsd - created non-negative value reflecting the weighted standard deviation of a donor's recipient CFScores, where weights are determined by the amount of each donation.


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Table contained in "withinanalysisset.rds"
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Variables list:

finstate3dc - index for individually identified donors, clustered across all 3 states (KY, OH, MI) in our main analyses


edon - constructed binary variable to denote whether a donor has ever given via a fundraising event

0: Donor Has Not Given Via a Fundraiser in our Sample of Interest
1: Donor HAS GIVEN via a Fundraiser in our Sample of Interest

fundraiser - binary variable denoting whether donation stems from fundraiser or not

0: donation does not stem from a fundraising event
1: donation DOES STEM from a fundraising event

cSTATE - categorical variable denoting the state of the election/candidate targeted by the election. Can take on values "KY", "MI", "OH", or "WV"

recipient.cfscore - continuous variable reflecting the CFSCore as calculated in Bonica DIME Data v 3.0.

rcAMOUNT - continuous non-negative variable reflecting the monetary amount of the donation

wsd - created non-negative value reflecting the weighted standard deviation of a donor's recipient CFScores, where weights are determined by the amount of each donation.

wmean - created continuous variable reflecting the weighted means of a donor's recipient CF scores, where weights are determined by the monetary amount of the donations.

 

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Table contained in "KY_assembled_candidates.rds"
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Variable list: 


year - year in which election being contested is being held

Election_year - year in which election being contested is being held


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Table contained in "MI_assembled_candidates.rds"
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Variable list: 

year - year in which election being contested is being held


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Table contained in "OH_assembled_candidates.rds"
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Variable list: 

year - year in which election being contested is being held

Office_Sought2 - office which a particular candidate is contesting in a given election year


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Table contained in "WV_assembled_candidates.rds"
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Variable list: 

Election_Year.ftmcands - year in which election being contested is being held (FTM source)

elecyear.wvelec.gen - year in which election being contested is being held (state general source)

elecyear.wvelec.pri - year in which election being contested is being held (state primary source)


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Table contained in "KYstatecontribs.rds"
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Variable list: 


Office_Sought - office which a particular candidate is contesting in a given election year

year - year in which election being contested is being held

Transaction_Category - source of donation, i.e. from individual donors, PACs, loans, etc.

fundraiser - binary variable denoting whether donation stems from fundraiser or not

0: donation does not stem from a fundraising event
1: donation DOES STEM from a fundraising event


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Table contained in "MIstatecontribs.rds"
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Variable list: 


yeardate - year in which election being contested is being held


contribtype - source of donation, including whether it comes from a fund raiser ("DIRECT/FUND RAISER")

f_name - first name of donor, left blank when donor is a non-individual


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Table contained in "OHstatecontribs.rds"
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Variable list: 


 yeardate - year in which election being contested is being held

NON_INDIVIDUAL - binary variable which denotes whether a donor is a non-individual. Individual donors are left BLANK in this variable

fundraiser - binary variable denoting whether donation stems from fundraiser or not

0: donation does not stem from a fundraising event
1: donation DOES STEM from a fundraising event


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Table contained in "WVstatecontribs.rds"
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Variable list: 


Date - date of donation, in YMD format

Type_of_Contributor - categorical variable which denotes whether a donor is an individual. Individual donors are denoted with an "Individual" in this variable

Type_of_Transaction - categorical variable denoting whether donation stems from fundraiser or not. Fundraisers are classified with an "E" in this variable.


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Table contained in all files of the form "XXXpredictdataXXXX.rds" (3 states and 1 FEC)
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Variable list: 



fundraiser - binary variable denoting whether donation stems from fundraiser or not

0: donation does not stem from a fundraising event
1: donation DOES STEM from a fundraising event

weekday - categorical variable where the value is the day of the week that a donation was recorded

cINCUMBENCYSTATUS - categorical variable denoting whether a candidate is an incumbent to the office they are seeking, a challenger, or competing for an open seat

daypercsameamt - percentage of donations on that day to the same candidate that are in the same amount

biground - binary variable denoting whether the amount of the donation ends in "50" or "00"

biground2 - binary variable denoting whether the amount of the donation ends in "25", "50" or "00"

dayperc - number of donations that are for the same amount on the same day, as a percentage of the total number of donations given to the candidate that year

v, v2, v3 - weighted measures of slightly different Tdf loadings (including date of donation, candidacy given to and zip code of donor in different sets)

v_ntl, v2_ntl, v3_ntl - quantiles of the weighted measures of v, v2, v3

 vunw, v2unw, v3unw - unweighted measures of slightly different Tdf loadings (including date of donation, candidacy given to and zip code of donor in different sets)


v4, v5, v6 - more weighted measures of slightly different Tdf loadings (including date of donation, candidacy given to and zip code of donor in different sets)


v4_ntl, v5_ntl, v6_ntl - quantiles of the weighted measures of v4, v5, v6

v4unw, v4unw, v6unw - unweighted measures of v4, v5, v6

vnorm_ntl, vnorm2_ntl, vnorm3_ntl, vnorm4_ntl, vnorm5_ntl, vnorm6_ntl - normalized versions of the quantile emasures of v1-v6

numsamedaydons - continuous variable capturing the number of donations to the same candidate recorded on the same day

numsamedaysameamt - continuous variable capturing the number of donations of the same amount to the same candidate recorded on the same day

party3 - categorical variable capturing whether a candidate receiving the donation is a Democrat, Republican, or "Other" 



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Table contained in "analysis3_prelim.rds"
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cSTATE - state in which candidate is running for office

Candidate2Office2Year - ID variable identifying the candidate by name, the office (and district) they ran for, and the year of the election

cOFFICE - the office (and district) a candidate ran for

cDATE - the date of the donation

cEYEAR - the year in which the election for which the donation was made took place

party3 - the party of the candidate (DEM for Democratic and REP for Republican)

cGENVOTESRECdummy - indicator for whether a candidate ran for (received votes in) the general election for the office the candidate initially ran 

cINCUMBENCYSTATUS - Incumbent, Challenger, Open, i.e., not running against incumbent (FTM variable with minor updates)

cAMOUNT - the amount of the donation in U.S. dollars

fundraiser - whether or not the donation was made via a fundraising event

Type_of_Contributor - Type of contributor, i.e., Individual, Non-Individual, Other (FTM variable)

Broad_Sector_EDIT3 - Broad economic sector of donor (FTM variable; augmented according to Appendix Section 3.3)

Specific_Business_EDIT3 - More specific economic sector/business of donor (FTM variable; augmented according to Appendix Section 3.3)

Filer.id - ID variable at the candidate level (FTM variable)

Filer_candidate_id - augmented version of Filer.id to account for missing candidacies

cCYear - calendar year of donation

cYearI - 2+ numerical value of calendar year of donation - numerical value of the year in which the election for which the donation was made took place 

ymdI - date in cycle; 15th day of the month of donation, with actual year replaced by cYearI; year leading up to election and election year are values 01 and 02  

cOFFICEtype_sw_nogov - type of office the candidate (slate of candidates) ran for (House, Senate, Governor=Gubernatorial/Lt. Governor, other statewide office))

CPIAUCSL - consumer price index, all U.S. urban consumers; baseline: Jan 1982 dollars

rcAMOUNT - inflation adjusted (to Jan 2010, all U.S. urban consumers) donation amount in U.S. dollars; uses CPIAUCSL data set (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, see reference below)

ge_date - date of general election 

quaTill_ge_date - quarters until the general election


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Table contained in "events_oh.rds"
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Var1 - the variable indicates the name, office (and district) sought, and election year related to a candidacy, as well as the date of the fundraising event linked to the candidacy 

Freq - Number of donations tied to the fundraising event 


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Table contained in "events_mi.rds"
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ro_month - date of fundraising event to nearest month; when days are exactly halfway between two months, it is rounded up

date_event - date of the fundraising event 

attendance - number of persons who attended the fundraising event

total_cost - cost of the fundraising event in U.S. dollars

committeeName - the name of the fundraising committee related to the candidacy

statementYear - year of the fundraising statement in which the event was disclosed

CPIAUCSL - consumer price index, all U.S. urban consumers; baseline: Jan 1982 dollars

rTotal_cost - cost of the fundraising event in U.S. dollars; inflation adjusted (to Jan 2010, all U.S. urban consumers)

office_sought - the office a candidate ran for


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Table contained in "analysis_data2.rds"
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cleaned_candid - candidate ID, based on Klarner (2018) with minor updates/corrections   

candid - candidate ID, based on Klarner (2018)       

year2 - year in which state legislator was elected to current office

year - year in which state legislator was elected to current office                 

cleaned_candidyear - candidate-year ID, based on Klarner (2018) with minor updates/corrections; year based on year of election  

yearsess2 - first year of two-year legislative session/period of observation

yeardif - difference between year of election and first year of current two-year legislative period

sen - indicates if legislator in observation is a senator (1) or a house member (0)                  

nonelses - cohort indicator for senators (1 indicates the senator is currently in the second of two two-year periods of their term)                          

limit1 - legislator is term limited, either for their office or for state legislative office in general; based on Klarner (2018), with updates and corrections     

exc0 - variable indicating additional observations to be excluded from the sample, related to sessions beyond the scope of the sample and seating irregularities (Virginia Woodward excluded due to seating controversy: https://www.wave3.com/story/4027367/37th-senate-seat-dispute-timeline/)

stateyear2 - factor variable with unique value for each combination of state and two-year period            

statechamberyear3 - factor variable with unique value for each combination of state, chamber, and two-year period   

statedistrictcycleid - factor variable with unique value for each combination of a state's legislative district and the respective decennial redistricting cycle

filerid2 - Filer ID, based on FTM, with minor corrections                                 

party - party affiliation of state legislator (from Klarner with minor updates/corrections)               

sab - state (abbreviated) in which state legislator holds office                

incumbent_legislature - legislator is serving at least their second term in the state legislator; based on Klarner (2018); updated and with minor corrections
         
leader - legislative leadership position (majority party leader, minority party leader, or speaker/president) ; augmented data from Fouirnaies and Hall (2018), with some updates/corrections   

leader_majleader -  legislator held a majority party leadership position during the two-year period; augmented data from Fouirnaies and Hall (2018), with some updates/corrections       

leader_minleader - legislator held a minority party leadership position during the two-year period; augmented data from Fouirnaies and Hall (2018), with some updates/corrections    

leader_speakerpres - legislator held a speaker / president position during the two-year period; augmented data from Fouirnaies and Hall (2018), with some updates/corrections             

incmaj - legislator was a member of the majority party in the chamber during the two-year period              

chair_no_other2 - legislator was chair of an important / main committee during the two-year period     

chairs_other - legislator was chair on a committee not included in the following list of main/important committees during the two-year period: "Agriculture", "Appropriations", "Construction", "Education", "Energy", "Finance", "Business", "Health", "Judiciary", "Rules", "Transportation", "Ways & Means" (not mutually exclusive with being chair of a main/important committee) 

chairs_agriculture - legislator was chair of a committee in the area of agriculture during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources	

chairs_energy - legislator was chair of a committee in the area of agriculture during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources

chairs_finance - legislator was chair of a committee in the area of agriculture during the two-year  period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources

chairs_health - legislator was chair of a committee in the area of health during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources       

chairs_transportation - legislator was chair of a committee in the area of transportation during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources

chairs_business - legislator was chair of a committee in the area of business during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources     

chairs_construction - legislator was chair of a committee in the area of construction during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources

chairs_law - legislator was chair of a committee in the area of law during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources          

chairs_education - legislator was chair of a committee in the area of education during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources    

chairs_rules - legislator was chair of a rules committee during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources         

chairs_approp - legislator was chair of an appropriations committee during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources         

chairs_waysandmeans - legislator was chair of a committee on ways and means during the two-year period; based on Fouirnaies and Hall (2018) with updates/corrections based on KnowWho and official sources         

logfriamount - log of inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors to legislator in two-year period, ln(amount+1) 

lognfriamount - log of inflation adjusted non-event-related donation amounts from individual donors to legislator in two-year period, ln(amount+1)        

logfriamount_nl - log of inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors (excluding donations from lobbyists as determined by augmented FTM codings) to legislator in two-year period, ln(amount+1) 
     
etotam_i - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors to legislator in two-year period           

total_ie_candid - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors to legislators across time period in sample

etotam_i_agri - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Agriculture" to legislator in two-year period       

etotam_i_constr - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Construction" to legislator in two-year period            

etotam_i_finan - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate" to legislator in two-year period             

etotam_i_educ - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Education" to legislator in two-year period              

etotam_i_busin - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "General Business" to legislator in two-year period             

etotam_i_transp - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Transportation" to legislator in two-year period            

etotam_i_lawl - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Lawyers and Lobbyists" to legislator in two-year period              

etotam_i_law - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Lawyers and Lobbyists" (but excluding those identified as lobbyists) to legislator in two-year period               

etotam_i_energy - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Energy" to legislator in two-year period            

etotam_i_health - inflation adjusted event-related donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Health" to legislator in two-year period     

totam_i_agri - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Agriculture" to legislator in two-year period        

totam_i_constr - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Construction" to legislator in two-year period        

totam_i_finan - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate" to legislator in two-year period       

totam_i_educ - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Education" to legislator in two-year period        

totam_i_busin - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "General Business" to legislator in two-year period        
       
totam_i_transp - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Transportation" to legislator in two-year period        
      
totam_i_lawl - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Lawyers and Lobbyists" to legislator in two-year period              

totam_i_law - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Lawyers and Lobbyists" (but excluding those identified as lobbyists) to legislator in two-year period         

totam_i_energy - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Energy" to legislator in two-year period          

totam_i_health - inflation adjusted donation amounts from individual donors working in the sector "Health" to legislator in two-year period       

yearsess - preliminary version of yearsess2    

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References:
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Follow The Money (National Institute on Money in Politics / OpenSecrets):

Contributions to candidates and committees (within state data), downloaded from "https://www.followthemoney.org" ; Accessed August 2020 

Election overview (within state data), downloaded from "https://www.followthemoney.org" ; Accessed August 19, 2020 

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Fouirnaies, A., and A. B. Hall. 2018. "How do interest groups seek access to committees?" American Journal of Political Science 62 (1): 132–147.

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Klarner, C. 2018. Dataset: State Legislative Election Returns, 1967-2016. Harvard Dataverse, V3.
doi: 10.7910/DVN/3WZFK9.

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State campaign finance websites:

https://kref.ky.gov/
https://miboecfr.nictusa.com/cfr/dumpall/cfrdetail/
https://www.ohiosos.gov/campaign-finance/
         
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U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average [CPIAUCSL], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIAUCSL, November 11, 2021.





